OCTOBER 1997. CALIFORNIA: SEABIRDS, MARINE MAMMALS

Cruise Summary: NOAA R/V "David Starr Jordan", 06-30 October 1997
Itinerary: 06-14 Oct 97 -- CalCoFI; San Diego to San Francisco (El Nino study) 15-30 Oct 97-- TTOP2; San Francisco to San Diego (Sperm Whale research) Area: Mostly along and just off the Santa Lucia Escarpment (1800-2200 fathoms), ~50-75 nm off San Luis Obispo (SLO) and Santa Barbara (SB) Counties, California (unless otherwise indicated). Sea surface temperatures average ~18 C (range: 16 -19 C). Interesting cruise off California (mostly ~60 nautical miles off SLO and SB Counties) off the Santa Lucia Escarpment through October. This was specifically a sperm whale study. In these offshore slope waters, "El Nino" birds didn't amount to much (if at all) and were generally disappointing (Red-footed Booby was best, and perhaps not significant enough on its own to be interpreted as being "El Nino" related, although it may well be). Otherwise, it was pretty much "business as usual" in the seabird department; sparse(!); birds tending toward colder water and Alaska species (notably minus Black-legged Kittiwakes). There were a few obligatory Red-billed Tropicbirds that always seem to be around in small numbers at least in late summer and fall; other honorable mentions included Cook's Petrel, and 7 species of storm petrels (including Wilson's and Band-rumped). Alcids were generally extremely sparse. Surprising to me at least, was the scarcity of Xantus/Craveri's Murrelets, however a single Parakeet Auklet (!) was quite unexpected. Northern Fulmars were the most widespread and frequently encountered species while Black-legged Kittiwakes were notable in their complete absence. Inbound (San Diego) over and around Cortes Bank on 10/29 was beautiful, calm, warm, and virtually birdless, save for a handful of Western Gulls. Bummer. If a dispersion of "El Nino" seabirds could be interpreted anywhere, it would have to be coastal. As Elegant Terns wandered northward in coastal waters all the way to British Columbia in unprecedented numbers during the summer, it seemed a shoe-in for nomination as "poster bird" of the 1997 ENSO event. However, few or none seem to have lingered in the Pacific Northwest after August or September. Perhaps, post-dispersal southbound birds all collected in the San Francisco Bay area in mid-October. A spectacular feeding frenzy of 1,650 Elegant Terns was observed as we sailed into San Francisco at dawn on 10/14, all concentrated in rips between the Golden Gate & Alcatraz. That stretch of track looked like a snow storm. I counted and recounted and recounted, always coming up with the same figure, plus or minus a few. Large concentrations of Black-vented Shearwaters (4-5,000) were just off the SLO Co. coast on 10/08, comprising 90% of all seabirds attending two separate schools of "short-beaked" common dolphins (Delphinus delphis). Scarce to virtually absent (compared to cruises in the same area last Fall and in Feb '97), and now appears to be attributable to "El Nino" were Northern Fur Seals. Dead and dying fur seal pups, 3-6 months of age, have been recently reported washing up on the beaches of Marin Co., at a similar rate as occurred during the 1992 ENSO event. Our cruise observations noting the absence of fur seals in the usual areas off the central coast suggest that the adults have indeed had to abandon their young and ventured further offshore for food.--Richard Rowlett <PAGODROMA@aol.com>

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